共用题干
Sport or Spectacle?
Muhammad Aui is probably the most famous sports figure on earth:he is recognized on every continent
and by all generations. The__________(51)of his illness as Parkinson's disease after his retirement fuelled
the debate about the dangers of boxing and criticism__________(52)the sport. That,plus his outspoken
opposition___________(53)women's boxing,made people wonder how he would react when one of his daugh-
ters decided to____________(54)up the sport.His presence at Laila's first professional fight,however,seemed
to broadcast a father's support.Of course Muhammad Aui wanted to___________(55)his daughter fight.
The ring announcer introduced him as the"the greatest"and as he sat down at the ringside the crowd
chanted.
Twenty-one-year-old Laila's debut fight（首次亮相）was a huge success and there was as much publicity for
the___________(56)as her father's fights once attracted Laila's opponent was much weaker than she was
and__________(57)the fight lasted just 31 seconds.Since then, Laila has won most of her fights by knoc-
king out her opponent"She knows ______ (58)she's doing,"said one referee about her."She knows
about moving well.You can see some of her dad's moves."
Laila Ali would rather not
_________ (59)herself to her father. She prefers to make. __________(60).
Her father supports her decision to enter the sport but he has not spared her the details of what can happen.
Laila__________(61)that her father wants her to understand the worst possible scenario to see_________(62)
she still wants to go forward with it.She knows she's going to get hit hard at times,that she may get a broken
nose or a swollen（肿胀的）face , but at least she is prepared for it.
Laila's decision to start boxing despite her father's__________(63)with the symptoms of Parkinson's
disease has of course sparked a mixture of praise and__________(64).But Laila is a determined individual
and it is her famous last name that has made her a magnet for worldwide media attention.Of course,the
___________(65)on the boxing scene of a woman with her family history attracts even more questions about
whether women's boxing is sport or spectacle.
_________(60)
A:appearance
B:name
C:show
D:sport
Sport or Spectacle?
Muhammad Aui is probably the most famous sports figure on earth:he is recognized on every continent
and by all generations. The__________(51)of his illness as Parkinson's disease after his retirement fuelled
the debate about the dangers of boxing and criticism__________(52)the sport. That,plus his outspoken
opposition___________(53)women's boxing,made people wonder how he would react when one of his daugh-
ters decided to____________(54)up the sport.His presence at Laila's first professional fight,however,seemed
to broadcast a father's support.Of course Muhammad Aui wanted to___________(55)his daughter fight.
The ring announcer introduced him as the"the greatest"and as he sat down at the ringside the crowd
chanted.
Twenty-one-year-old Laila's debut fight（首次亮相）was a huge success and there was as much publicity for
the___________(56)as her father's fights once attracted Laila's opponent was much weaker than she was
and__________(57)the fight lasted just 31 seconds.Since then, Laila has won most of her fights by knoc-
king out her opponent"She knows ______ (58)she's doing,"said one referee about her."She knows
about moving well.You can see some of her dad's moves."
Laila Ali would rather not
_________ (59)herself to her father. She prefers to make. __________(60).
Her father supports her decision to enter the sport but he has not spared her the details of what can happen.
Laila__________(61)that her father wants her to understand the worst possible scenario to see_________(62)
she still wants to go forward with it.She knows she's going to get hit hard at times,that she may get a broken
nose or a swollen（肿胀的）face , but at least she is prepared for it.
Laila's decision to start boxing despite her father's__________(63)with the symptoms of Parkinson's
disease has of course sparked a mixture of praise and__________(64).But Laila is a determined individual
and it is her famous last name that has made her a magnet for worldwide media attention.Of course,the
___________(65)on the boxing scene of a woman with her family history attracts even more questions about
whether women's boxing is sport or spectacle.
_________(60)
A:appearance
B:name
C:show
D:sport
共用题干
第一篇
The Development of PR
The rise of multinational corporations,global marketing,new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly,since modern PR was largely an American invention,the US leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries.Ten years ago,for example,the world's top five public relations agencies were American-owned.In 1991,only one was.The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative.A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities,compared to about one-third of US companies.It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race?Firstly,Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provinciel and take more of an interest in local affairs.Knowledge of world geography,for example,has never been strong in this country.Secondly,American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language.Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall's US employees know two languages.Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage.Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language.Finally,people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs.In the financial PR area,for instance,most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas,their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist,publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word"foreign"would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts.According to Turner,global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.
London could soon replace New York as the centre of PR because_______.
A:British companies place more importance on PR than US companies
B:British companies are heavily involved in planning activities
C:British companies are more ambitious than US
D:four of the world's top public relations agencies are British-owned
第一篇
The Development of PR
The rise of multinational corporations,global marketing,new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly,since modern PR was largely an American invention,the US leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries.Ten years ago,for example,the world's top five public relations agencies were American-owned.In 1991,only one was.The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative.A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities,compared to about one-third of US companies.It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race?Firstly,Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provinciel and take more of an interest in local affairs.Knowledge of world geography,for example,has never been strong in this country.Secondly,American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language.Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall's US employees know two languages.Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage.Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language.Finally,people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs.In the financial PR area,for instance,most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas,their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist,publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word"foreign"would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts.According to Turner,global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.
London could soon replace New York as the centre of PR because_______.
A:British companies place more importance on PR than US companies
B:British companies are heavily involved in planning activities
C:British companies are more ambitious than US
D:four of the world's top public relations agencies are British-owned
共用题干
第一篇
On the Trail of the Honey Badger
On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert,a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badg-
ers（獾）.The team employed a local wildlife expert,Kitso Khama,to help them locate and follow the badg-
ers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers'movements and behaviour as discreetly（谨慎
地）as possible,without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also
planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them.In view of the animal's reputation,
this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.
"The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals,especially when they see something
new,"he says."That,combined with their unpredictable nature,can be a dangerous mixture.If they sense
you have food,for example,they won'tbe shy about coming right up to you for something to eat.They,re
actually quite sociable creatures around humans,but as soon as they feel they might be in danger,they can
become extremely vicious（凶恶的）.Fortunately this is rare , but it does happen."
The research confirmed many things that were already known.As expected,honey badgers ate any
creatures they could catch and kill.Even poisonous snakes,feared and avoided by most other animals,were
not safe from them.The researchers were surprised,however,by the animal'5 fondness for local melons,
probably because of their high water content.Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its
liquid requirements from its prey（猎物）.The team also learnt that , contrary to previous research findings,
the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups.They were also able to confirm certain results from
previous research,including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other.
Following some of the male badgers was a challenge,since they can cover large distances in a short
space of time.Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers.Although they seem happy to
share these territories with other males,there are occasional fights over an important food source,and male
badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.
As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people,it gave the team the chance to get up
close to them without being the subject of the animals'curiosity一or their sudden aggression. The badgers'
eating patterns,which had been disrupted,returned to normal.It also allowed the team to observe more
9losely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger,as these seemed to
adopt the badgers'relaxed attitude when near humans.
Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?
A:They don't run very quickly.
B:They defend their territory from other badgers.
C: They hunt over a very large area.
D:They are more aggressive than females.
第一篇
On the Trail of the Honey Badger
On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert,a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badg-
ers（獾）.The team employed a local wildlife expert,Kitso Khama,to help them locate and follow the badg-
ers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers'movements and behaviour as discreetly（谨慎
地）as possible,without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also
planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them.In view of the animal's reputation,
this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.
"The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals,especially when they see something
new,"he says."That,combined with their unpredictable nature,can be a dangerous mixture.If they sense
you have food,for example,they won'tbe shy about coming right up to you for something to eat.They,re
actually quite sociable creatures around humans,but as soon as they feel they might be in danger,they can
become extremely vicious（凶恶的）.Fortunately this is rare , but it does happen."
The research confirmed many things that were already known.As expected,honey badgers ate any
creatures they could catch and kill.Even poisonous snakes,feared and avoided by most other animals,were
not safe from them.The researchers were surprised,however,by the animal'5 fondness for local melons,
probably because of their high water content.Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its
liquid requirements from its prey（猎物）.The team also learnt that , contrary to previous research findings,
the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups.They were also able to confirm certain results from
previous research,including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other.
Following some of the male badgers was a challenge,since they can cover large distances in a short
space of time.Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers.Although they seem happy to
share these territories with other males,there are occasional fights over an important food source,and male
badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.
As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people,it gave the team the chance to get up
close to them without being the subject of the animals'curiosity一or their sudden aggression. The badgers'
eating patterns,which had been disrupted,returned to normal.It also allowed the team to observe more
9losely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger,as these seemed to
adopt the badgers'relaxed attitude when near humans.
Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?
A:They don't run very quickly.
B:They defend their territory from other badgers.
C: They hunt over a very large area.
D:They are more aggressive than females.
共用题干
第二篇
Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Famine
Even ancient Egypt's mighty pyramid（金字塔）builders were powerless in the face of
the famine（饥荒）that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BC.Now evidence
collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of
kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame一and the same or worse could happen today.
The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile's annual floods to irrigate their crops.But
any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons（季风）southwards out of Ethiopia
would have reduced these floods.
Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the
soil.When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and
into Egypt,along with sediment（沉积）from the White Nile.
Blue Nile mud has a different isotope（同位素）signature from that of the White Nile.
So by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta,Michael Krom of
Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the
river.
Krom reasons that during periods of drought,the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river
would be relatively high.He found that one of these periods,from 4500 to 4200 years ago,
immediately came before the fall of the Egypt's Old Kingdom.
The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians."Changes that affect
food supply don't have to be very large to have a ripple（波浪）effect in societies."says
Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York.
Similar events today could be even more devastating,says team member Daniel
Stanley,a scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C,"Anything humans
do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today
because the populations have increased dramatically."
Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt?
A:Change of climate.
B:Corruption.
C:Flood.
D:Population growth.
第二篇
Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Famine
Even ancient Egypt's mighty pyramid（金字塔）builders were powerless in the face of
the famine（饥荒）that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BC.Now evidence
collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of
kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame一and the same or worse could happen today.
The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile's annual floods to irrigate their crops.But
any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons（季风）southwards out of Ethiopia
would have reduced these floods.
Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the
soil.When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and
into Egypt,along with sediment（沉积）from the White Nile.
Blue Nile mud has a different isotope（同位素）signature from that of the White Nile.
So by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta,Michael Krom of
Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the
river.
Krom reasons that during periods of drought,the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river
would be relatively high.He found that one of these periods,from 4500 to 4200 years ago,
immediately came before the fall of the Egypt's Old Kingdom.
The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians."Changes that affect
food supply don't have to be very large to have a ripple（波浪）effect in societies."says
Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York.
Similar events today could be even more devastating,says team member Daniel
Stanley,a scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C,"Anything humans
do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today
because the populations have increased dramatically."
Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt?
A:Change of climate.
B:Corruption.
C:Flood.
D:Population growth.
共用题干
Kicking the Habit
What is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost
without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect
those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad
habits are part of what makes us human.
Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to
stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same
habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in
our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it
becomes a part of our life,and becomnes"programmed"into our brain.
A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the
old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that
we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed
a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the
volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.
A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told
them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their
answers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same
test again.This time,most of them only gave the first set of words.They appeared to have completely forgotten
the second set.
The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may
try to change out ways,but after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we
learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to re-
spond in any other way.
The study therefore suggests that over time,our bad habits also become automatic,learned behaviour.
This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break
them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain
stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.
If we develop bad habits early in life,they are harder to get rid of.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
Kicking the Habit
What is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost
without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect
those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad
habits are part of what makes us human.
Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to
stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same
habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in
our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it
becomes a part of our life,and becomnes"programmed"into our brain.
A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the
old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that
we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed
a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the
volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.
A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told
them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their
answers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same
test again.This time,most of them only gave the first set of words.They appeared to have completely forgotten
the second set.
The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may
try to change out ways,but after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we
learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to re-
spond in any other way.
The study therefore suggests that over time,our bad habits also become automatic,learned behaviour.
This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break
them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain
stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.
If we develop bad habits early in life,they are harder to get rid of.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
共用题干
The Internet House
A leading British building and design company has just announced their plans for the home of the future.The new design,______(51)as the“Internet House”,has five bedrooms,plenty of bathrooms and a double garage.But these are not the main selling______(52),for it is the ￡25000______(53)of automation that makes this house really different.
It will be______(54),for people who have plenty of money,but not a great ______(55)of time:young professionals in other words.They are likely to be______(56)to the idea of a microwave that provides easy-to-cook______(57)via the Internet and cooker that switches itself on or off at a command received via e-mail.
All the appliances in the house,______(58)the heating and lighting controls,are linked together ______( 59 ) means of a gadget（小装置）called a “ router”.Using what's called a“webpad”,a kind of portable lap-top computer,the owners of the house tap in commands from ______(60)they may be. The Webpad______(61)a signal to the router,which ______(62)the message and then activates the necessary controls. On the way home at night, for example,the owners can switch on the lights or______(63)the central heating working, and so______(64)sure that they have a nice warm welcome when they______(65)into their home.
61._________
A: draws
B: speaks
C: sends
D: hearsay
The Internet House
A leading British building and design company has just announced their plans for the home of the future.The new design,______(51)as the“Internet House”,has five bedrooms,plenty of bathrooms and a double garage.But these are not the main selling______(52),for it is the ￡25000______(53)of automation that makes this house really different.
It will be______(54),for people who have plenty of money,but not a great ______(55)of time:young professionals in other words.They are likely to be______(56)to the idea of a microwave that provides easy-to-cook______(57)via the Internet and cooker that switches itself on or off at a command received via e-mail.
All the appliances in the house,______(58)the heating and lighting controls,are linked together ______( 59 ) means of a gadget（小装置）called a “ router”.Using what's called a“webpad”,a kind of portable lap-top computer,the owners of the house tap in commands from ______(60)they may be. The Webpad______(61)a signal to the router,which ______(62)the message and then activates the necessary controls. On the way home at night, for example,the owners can switch on the lights or______(63)the central heating working, and so______(64)sure that they have a nice warm welcome when they______(65)into their home.
61._________
A: draws
B: speaks
C: sends
D: hearsay
共用题干
第三篇
Saving Money
Where you save your money often depends on what you are saving for. If you are saving to buy a dictionary or to go to a concert,then probably keep your money somewhere in your room.
If you are saving for a big purchase like a mountain bike or a school trip,where would you save your money?
One place to save money is the bank.Putting your money in a savings account will help your money earn more money. If you put your money in a piggy bank（猪形储蓄罐）, one year later you'll still have the same amount of money you put in?If you put your money in a savings account,one year later,you'll have more money than you put in.Why?
When you keep your money in a bank,your money earns interest.Interest is the amount of money a bank pays you to use your money.The bank uses your money(and the money of other people,too)to loan money to people and businesses.
The bank will send you a statement several times a year. A bank statement tells you how much money there is in your account. It also tells you how much interest you have earned.If you leave your money in the bank,you can watch it grow!
Another way you can save money is to buy a certificate of deposit or CD.If you have some money that you don't need to use for a long time,this is a good way to make your money grow. You can buy a CD at a bank.You agree not to use the money for a certain period of time.That period might be from six months to five years.
You can't touch your money during that time.If you do,you must pay a penalty,or fee.
Since the bank is using your money for that time period,it will pay you interest.You will earn more interest with a CD than in a savings account. Can you guess why?It's because you promise to leave your money in the bank for a certain period of time.Banks pay different rates of interest.So, you may want to compare rates in newspaper ads before buying a CD.
The word"touch"in Paragraph 7 could be best replaced by_______.
A:deposit
B:borrow
C:use
D:cash
第三篇
Saving Money
Where you save your money often depends on what you are saving for. If you are saving to buy a dictionary or to go to a concert,then probably keep your money somewhere in your room.
If you are saving for a big purchase like a mountain bike or a school trip,where would you save your money?
One place to save money is the bank.Putting your money in a savings account will help your money earn more money. If you put your money in a piggy bank（猪形储蓄罐）, one year later you'll still have the same amount of money you put in?If you put your money in a savings account,one year later,you'll have more money than you put in.Why?
When you keep your money in a bank,your money earns interest.Interest is the amount of money a bank pays you to use your money.The bank uses your money(and the money of other people,too)to loan money to people and businesses.
The bank will send you a statement several times a year. A bank statement tells you how much money there is in your account. It also tells you how much interest you have earned.If you leave your money in the bank,you can watch it grow!
Another way you can save money is to buy a certificate of deposit or CD.If you have some money that you don't need to use for a long time,this is a good way to make your money grow. You can buy a CD at a bank.You agree not to use the money for a certain period of time.That period might be from six months to five years.
You can't touch your money during that time.If you do,you must pay a penalty,or fee.
Since the bank is using your money for that time period,it will pay you interest.You will earn more interest with a CD than in a savings account. Can you guess why?It's because you promise to leave your money in the bank for a certain period of time.Banks pay different rates of interest.So, you may want to compare rates in newspaper ads before buying a CD.
The word"touch"in Paragraph 7 could be best replaced by_______.
A:deposit
B:borrow
C:use
D:cash
共用题干
第二篇
Approaches to Understanding Intelligences
It pays to be smart , but we are not all smart in the same way.You may be a talented musician , but you light not be a good reader.Each of us is different.
Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities.Psychologists have two different views on intelligence.Some believe there is one general intelligence.Others believe there are many different intelligences.
Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests.These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests.They do well on tests using words , numbers , or pictures.They do well on individual or group tests , and written or oral tests.Those who do poorly on one test , do the same on all tests.
Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence.The brains of intelligent people use less energy during problem solving.The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction.Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.
Howard Gardner , a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education , has four children.He believes that all children are different and shouldn't be tested by one intelligence test.Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists , he doesn't think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling.He thinks that the human mind has different intelligences.These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life.Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences.Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.
Gardner says that his theory is based on biology.For example , when one part of the brain is injured , other parts of the brain still work.People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing.So , there is not just one intelligence to lose.Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence: linguistic,mathematical,spatial,musical,interpersonal,intrapersonal,body-kinesthetic (身体动觉的), and naturalistic.
Gardner thinks that his theory has a________.
A:musical foundation
B:intrapersonal foundation
C:linguistic foundation
D:biological foundation
第二篇
Approaches to Understanding Intelligences
It pays to be smart , but we are not all smart in the same way.You may be a talented musician , but you light not be a good reader.Each of us is different.
Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities.Psychologists have two different views on intelligence.Some believe there is one general intelligence.Others believe there are many different intelligences.
Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests.These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests.They do well on tests using words , numbers , or pictures.They do well on individual or group tests , and written or oral tests.Those who do poorly on one test , do the same on all tests.
Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence.The brains of intelligent people use less energy during problem solving.The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction.Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.
Howard Gardner , a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education , has four children.He believes that all children are different and shouldn't be tested by one intelligence test.Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists , he doesn't think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling.He thinks that the human mind has different intelligences.These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life.Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences.Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.
Gardner says that his theory is based on biology.For example , when one part of the brain is injured , other parts of the brain still work.People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing.So , there is not just one intelligence to lose.Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence: linguistic,mathematical,spatial,musical,interpersonal,intrapersonal,body-kinesthetic (身体动觉的), and naturalistic.
Gardner thinks that his theory has a________.
A:musical foundation
B:intrapersonal foundation
C:linguistic foundation
D:biological foundation
共用题干
Working Mothers
Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems,compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.My personal______(1)is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish.
Whether we like it or not,there are a______(2) of mothers who just have to work.There are
those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot______(3) see it lost.Then there are many who must work out of pure economic______(4).Many mothers are not______(5) out to be full-time parents.After a few months at home with a much loved infant,they feel trapped and isolated.
There are a number of options when it______(6) to choosing childcare.These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady______(7) the street.______(8) ,howev-er,many parents don't have any choice；they have to accept anything they can get.Be pre-pared!No______(9) how good the childcare may be,some children are going to protest wildly if they are left.This is a______(10) normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months,but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family______(11).Make sure that in the first week you allow______(12) time to help your child settle in.
All children are different.Some are independent,while others are more______(13) to their mothers.Remember that if you want to______(14) the best for your children,it's not the quantity of time you spend with them,it's the______(15) that matters.
4._________
A:reason
B:duty
C:necessity
D:task
Working Mothers
Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems,compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.My personal______(1)is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish.
Whether we like it or not,there are a______(2) of mothers who just have to work.There are
those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot______(3) see it lost.Then there are many who must work out of pure economic______(4).Many mothers are not______(5) out to be full-time parents.After a few months at home with a much loved infant,they feel trapped and isolated.
There are a number of options when it______(6) to choosing childcare.These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady______(7) the street.______(8) ,howev-er,many parents don't have any choice；they have to accept anything they can get.Be pre-pared!No______(9) how good the childcare may be,some children are going to protest wildly if they are left.This is a______(10) normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months,but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family______(11).Make sure that in the first week you allow______(12) time to help your child settle in.
All children are different.Some are independent,while others are more______(13) to their mothers.Remember that if you want to______(14) the best for your children,it's not the quantity of time you spend with them,it's the______(15) that matters.
4._________
A:reason
B:duty
C:necessity
D:task
共用题干
Nuclear Power and Its Danger
Nuclear power's danger to health,safety,and even life itself can be summed up in one word:radiation. Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it,partly because it cannot be detected by human senses.
It can't be seen or heard,or touched,or tasted,even though it may be all around us.There are other things like that.For example,radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them,sense them,without a radio receiver.Similarly,we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector.But unlike common radio waves,nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels,radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cells in vital organs.But even the lowest level of radiation can do serious damage.There is no level of radiation that is completely safe.If the radiation does not hit anything important,the damage may not be significant.This is the case when only a few cells are hit,and if they are killed outright.Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones.But if the few cells are only damaged,and if they reproduce themselves,you may be in trouble.They reproduce themselves in a deformed way.They can grow into cancer.Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation.Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred.A person can be irradiated and feel fine,then die of cancer five,ten,or twenty years later as a result.Or a child can be born weak or liable to serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.
Radiation can hurt us.We must know the truth.
Radiation can cause serious consequences even at the lowest level______.
A:when it kills few cells
B:if it damages few cells
C:though the damaged cells can repair themselves
D:unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves
Nuclear Power and Its Danger
Nuclear power's danger to health,safety,and even life itself can be summed up in one word:radiation. Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it,partly because it cannot be detected by human senses.
It can't be seen or heard,or touched,or tasted,even though it may be all around us.There are other things like that.For example,radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them,sense them,without a radio receiver.Similarly,we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector.But unlike common radio waves,nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels,radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cells in vital organs.But even the lowest level of radiation can do serious damage.There is no level of radiation that is completely safe.If the radiation does not hit anything important,the damage may not be significant.This is the case when only a few cells are hit,and if they are killed outright.Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones.But if the few cells are only damaged,and if they reproduce themselves,you may be in trouble.They reproduce themselves in a deformed way.They can grow into cancer.Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation.Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred.A person can be irradiated and feel fine,then die of cancer five,ten,or twenty years later as a result.Or a child can be born weak or liable to serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.
Radiation can hurt us.We must know the truth.
Radiation can cause serious consequences even at the lowest level______.
A:when it kills few cells
B:if it damages few cells
C:though the damaged cells can repair themselves
D:unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves